Ribose

Also Known As: Ribose, D-ribose

Ribose is an organic compound with the formula C5H10O5; specifically, a pentosemonosaccharide (simple sugar) with linear form H−(C=O)−(CHOH)4−H, which has all the hydroxyl groups on the same side in the Fischer projection.

The term may refer to either of two enantiomers. The term usually indicates D-ribose, which occurs widely in nature and is discussed here. Its synthetic mirror image, L-ribose, is not found in nature.

D-Ribose was first reported in 1891 by Emil Fischer. It is a C'-2 carbon epimer of the sugar D-arabinose (both isomers of which are named for their source, gum arabic) and ribose itself is named as a transposition of the name of arabinose.[3]

Ribose (β-D-ribofuranose) forms part of the backbone of RNA. It is related todeoxyribose, which is found in DNA. Phosphorylated derivatives of ribose such asATP and NADH play central roles in metabolism. cAMP and cGMP, formed from ATP and GTP, serve as secondary messengers in some signalling pathways.

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